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Benchmarks and test facilities of VVER reactors
Šimek, Ondřej ; Foral, Štěpán (referee) ; Vojáčková, Jitka (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor’s thesis is to describe the topic of benchmarks and test facilities for pressurized water reactors of the eastern concept VVER type. The theoretical part introduces the VVER type reactors, their history, the development of separate generations, including fundamental differences and parameters of the VVER type reactors being used so far. Next two chapters of the theoretical part focus on nuclear safety and security, describing the uppermost Czech authorities, which are SÚJB, MAAE and NEA. Furthermore, many terms concerning nuclear safety are explained in these two chapters. The next chapter is focused on deterministic safety analyzes, their classification, methods and purposes. The aim of this part is also to explain the verification and validation of computing codes. The next chapter offers insight into test facilities which are crucial for evaluation and testing of nuclear devices and computing codes. The last chapter of the theoretical part focuses on the VVER type reactor benchmarks. The practical part of this thesis presents the conversion of a single AER Benchmark FCM_001 using neutron physical code PARCS. The results are compared to the results of CRONOS computing code.
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Operational efficiency of photovoltaic generators
Koval, Filip ; Václav, Březina (referee) ; Gregor, Jan (advisor)
Objective of master’s thesis theoretical part is especially to illustrate influence of operation conditions, such as solar radiation, temperature or pollution of photovoltaic generator active area, on load and power characteristics of photovoltaic generator, or more precisely on photovoltaic conversion efficiency. Possible variants of increasing effectivity of using photovoltaic generator are explored, such as solar radiation concentration, photovoltaic generator active area cooling or aplication of optimalization circuit. Pivotal part of master‘s thesis is focused on experimental device practical realisation, concretely type MSQ36-10 photovoltaic generator with oriented concentrators of solar radiation. Practical realisation includes design of master‘s thesis experimental part construction with subsequent design of photovoltaic generator motion cycle necessary for adequate simulation of configuration variants solved using single testing photovoltaic generator. Description of own experimental device construction with list of measuring places used in task takes up. It is used automatic monitoring system working as independent measurement task for required values measuring and consecutive data collecting. It is done in two phases. First phase is measurement of all required values, in second phase measurement with attached optimalization circuit is made. Optimalization circuit sets best working point of photovoltaic generator according to actual working conditions. Master‘s thesis intention is experimental verification of solar radiation concentrators application convenience, orientation of photovoltaic generator or its mutual combination, namely using type MSQ36-10 photovoltaic generator. Objective is evaluation of reached energetic gain for all experimental device layouts in variable operating conditions.
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Design of a test rig for stress visualisation using photoelasticimetry
Doležel, Miroslav ; Rebenda, David (referee) ; Michalec, Michal (advisor)
The purpose of this work is to construct a specific loading device for the observation of moving samples in the existing polariscope. The experimental method of photoelasticity is often used to observe stationary samples, but the observation of moving samples is less common. However, the time-varying development of the stress profile is very important for understanding of the stress cycles in the machine components. The theoretical part contains a basic information about the method of photoelasticity, its advantages and limitations and the possibility of its use. Then the dynamically stressed machine elements are mentioned, from which the gear is selected as a preferable element for observation in the polariscope. Furthermore, attention is focused on materials and techniques of sample production. The determination of the required load of the gear sample is based on these findings. The most suitable design of the loading device capable of inducing specified stress in the samples is proposed and the critical nodes of the structure are supported by the strength calculations. This design offers variability for clamping different sample sizes and can thus be used to investigate stress in other gear configurations as well.
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Experimental apparatuses for studying rolling contact fatigue life
Popelka, Ondřej ; Nevrlý, Josef (referee) ; Šamánek, Otakar (advisor)
The bachelor thesis consist the overview of experimental fatigue apparatuses that are designated for the lifecycle fatigue study of machine parts. It describes two basic devices, discs machines and rolling element machines. The specific of these devices is their use for study of fatigue damage resistance of machinery materials. Their disadvantage is non-complexity and limited possibility of usage. They are designed for basic tribological research (e.g. point contact, line contact, etc.). Complex experimental fatigue apparatuses are often expensive so they can’t be used in regular study.
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Simulation of cutting force during milling process with straight tooth plain milling cutter.
Zemčík, Tomáš ; Sedlák, Josef (referee) ; Zemčík, Oskar (advisor)
To make a simulation of cutting force during milling process with cilindrical cutter is the aim of this diploma thesis. Preliminary part is devoted to technology of milling, milling cutters and cutting materials. The next section is aimed at kinematics of the cutting process, a theoretical analysis of power proportion, the possibility of measurement of force actions. General information about the programming software, a theoretical simulation model, graphical environment of created application, are the other points of this diploma thesis. The work also includes evaluation of the experimentally measured values and compared with values obtained from the created application.
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Design of an axial segment bearing simulator
Sedlačík, Jan ; Medlík, Jan (referee) ; Svoboda, Petr (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with an engineering design of a hydrodynamic thrust bearing simulator. The experimental apparatus has been designed to study the oil-film thickness between the pad and the glass disc. The goal of this thesis is to approach real operating conditions. The repeatability of the experimental conditions is provided by using transducers, way of loading and lubrication. The bachelor thesis contains a summary of rigs designed and measuring methods used, designs of constructional variations and a description of the engineered apparatus are also included.
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Design and realization of experimental equipment for determination of residual stress of bent samples
Novotný, Lukáš ; Návrat, Tomáš (referee) ; Krejčí, Petr (advisor)
The master thesis is focused to design and realization of experimental equipment for researching of residual stress determination for specimen with non-uniform distribution stress along the depth. Literature search study of problematic was performed and it was used for elaboration of chapters about origin of residual stress, their classification and chapters about methods, which are used for measuring of residual stress and their determination. The following part explains the design of experimental equipment and stress-strain analysis of selected parts of this equipment. Then the final design of equipment is presented, including complete production drawings, and it’s explained final assembling of experimental equipment. Final chapter is devoted to examinable loading of specimen.
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Experimental bearings stiffness verification of the pointing assembly for optical inter-satellite link
Svoboda, Tomáš ; Čermák, Jan (referee) ; Košťál, David (advisor)
This master´s thesis deals with the determination of the stiffness of a preloaded double-row bearing with an angular contact in the relevant conditions. The introduction describes the basic knowledge about double row angular contact bearings and the relationship between internal clearance, preload and other effects on stiffness. An overview of studies dealing with bearing stiffness and an overview of devices used for experimental stiffness determination is given. Subsequently, the solution itself is described, in which the theoretical calculation of the bearing stiffness was performed first. To determine the experimental values, it was necessary to design and construct experimental device for testing the bearing in the relevant conditions. The effect of material and temperature on the stiffness of the bearing was determined from the measured data and theoretical calculations. The result of this thesis is a functional device, which was used to test the bearing in the thermal chamber.
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Research study of „Tilt pad bearings“ (computational and experimental modelling)
Havlásek, Michal ; Chlud, Michal (referee) ; Malenovský, Eduard (advisor)
The bachelor’s thesis is focused on the computational and experimental modelling of the tilting pad bearings. The computational and experimental modelling is based on solving the lubrication theory provided by English professor Osborn Reynolds, published in 1886. The main part of the thesis is the description of the most widely used computational models, especially TEHD analysis, and the description of the only two experimental devices for the testing of the tilting pad bearings. The thesis is supplemented with the prediction of the development of the computational modelling in the near future.
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